Short  Description  Of  Projects

Hazards of Chemical Effluence from Electroplating industry       

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Submitted By:                    

                                       Amit Kumar Premy (92018)

                                                 Rahul Mehrotra (92196)

                                                 Rohit Pandey (92224)

Course Instructor:            Dr. Amit Ray

Project Guide:                   Dr. Madhav

Introduction:

Electroplating is one of the several processes in the broad category of metal finishing. The electroplated coatings provide corrosion protection, wear or erosion resistance, anti frictional characteristics, lubricity, electrical conductivity, heat and light reflectivity or other special surface characteristics, which enable the industry to conserve several millions of tons of critical metals. An electroplating process includes cleaning, electroplating, rinsing and drying. The cleaning operation consists of two or more steps that are required for removing grease, oil, soil and oxide films from the basic metal surfaces and insuring good electroplate adhesion.

 In the electroplating solution, metal ions in either acidic, basic or neutral solutions are reduced on cathode surfaces, which are work pieces being electroplated. Hundreds of different electroplating solutions have been adopted commercially, but only two or three types are used widely for a single metal or alloy. Cyanide solutions are popular for cop- per, zinc, brass, cadmium, silver and gold for example, yet non cyanide alkaline solutions containing pyrophosphates or other chelating agent have come into use for copper and zinc. Acid sulphate solutions are also used for zinc, copper, tin and nickel.

Major Pollutants

It is recognized that some small electroplating installations may have insufficient capital :~~

and space for implementing chemical waste treatment equipment. This results in large ~

scale pollution by the small scale industries. The goverenment has setup effluent standardsParameter Concentration not to exceed mg/litre Total concentration of Hg 0.01

pH 5.5-9.0 Biochemical oxygen demand 150

Oil and grease- 10 Cu(total) 3.0 Iron(total) 3.0 Zinc 5.0 Cr(total) 2.0 Nickel(as Ni) 3.0 Cadmium(Cd) 2.0

Chloride( as CI) 9000 Sulphate(as S04) 1000 Cyanides(CN) 0.2

The above mentioned effluents have a very adverse effect on the environment

Conclusion

It concluded  that the government should establish a centralized waste treatment plant and charge the various industries using the plant. This will significantly reduce the financial burden of the waste treatment from small scale industries. The various government agencies