Objectives

The course will provide the necessary background, tools and techniques needed in the first-level analysis of fluid flow and its applications.

Course content

Introduction, Fluid Statics, Kinematics of local fluid motion, Integral relations for fluid control volume, Differential relations for a fluid element, Viscous flow, Dimensional Analysis and similarity, Flow Past immersed bodies, Compressible flow.

Total number of lectures: 28

Lecturewise breakup

1. Introduction: 1 Lecture

• History and importance of fluid mechanics

• Fluid as a continuum

• Mechanical response of a fluid region

• Thermodynamic properties

• Viscosity and other related properties

2. Fluid Statics: 6 Lectures + 2 Tutorials

• Pressure and pressure gradient

• Pressure force on a fluid element

• Equilibrium of a fluid element

• Hydrostatic forces on plane and curved surfaces

• Buoyancy and stability

• Pressure distribution in rigid body motion and in uniform rotation

• Manometry; velocity and pressure measurement

3. Kinematics of local fluid motion: 2 Lectures + 1 Tutorial

• Lagrangianand Eulerian description of fluid flow

• Acceleration and substantial derivative, Streamlines

• Streamlines, Streaklines, Pathlines

4. Integral relations for fluid control volume: 4 Lectures + 2 Tutorials

• Control volume

• Physical laws of fluid motion

• Reynolds transport theorem

• Conservation of mass

• Linear momentum equation; Examples related to force calculations

• Angular momentum equation; Examples related to rotary devices

• Energy equation; Friction losses; Bernoulli equation

5. Differential relations for a fluid element: 2 Lectures + 1 Tutorial

• Acceleration of a fluid particle

• Differential relation of mass conservation

• Incompressible and compressible flow

• Fully developed flow

6. Viscous flow: 5 Lectures + 2 Tutorials

• Flow in circular pipes, Reynolds number regimes, Laminar and turbulent flow

• Effect of rough walls; Moody’s chart

• Major and minor losses in pipe systems

• Evaluation of losses using correlations and charts, Hydraulic diameter, Flow through pipes and pipe networks with built-in pumps and turbines

• Flow between reservoirs

• Orifice and venturi flow meters.

7. Dimensional analysis and similarity: 3 Lectures + 1 Tutorial

• Model versus prototype

• Scaling parameters; Scaling laws; Nondimensional form

• Buckingham-pi theorem

• Problem-solving using non-dimensionalization

8. Flow past immersed bodies: 2 Lectures + 1 Tutorial

• Qualitative description of boundary-layers

• Flow separation

• Streamlined and bluff bodies

• Lift, drag, and pitching moment

• Flow control

9. Compressible flow: 5 Lectures + 2 Tutorials

• High speed gas flow, speed of sound

• One-dimensional form of the governing equations

• Isentropic gas relationscks

• Velocity measurement using a pitot tube at all Mach numbers

• Flow through nozzles, Area-velocity relations, Converging-diverging nozzle

• Non-ideal flow, Formation of shocks; Shock tables

• Mach cone, Oblique shock, Prandtl-Meyer expansion

Recommended books

Textbooks

1. Cengel, Y. and Cimbala, J., Fluid Mechanics: Theory and Applications, McGraw-Hill Education, 4th ed.

Reference books

1. Frank M. White, H Xue, Fluid Mechanics, McGraw-Hill, 9th ed.

2. Fox, R.W., McDonald, A.T., and Pritchard, P.J., Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, Wiley, 8th ed.

Any other remarks

Two-three tutorials may be reserved for fluid mechanics videos related to viscosity, boundary-layers, streamlining, laminar versus turbulent flow, and compressible flow in nozzles.

Proposing instructors: P. K. Panigrahi, A. K. Saha and K. Muralidhar